in November 2021, writing for the Toronto Star about the Bourassa situation as well as the actions of Joseph Boyden and Michelle Latimer, K.J. Jan 28, 2021. ", Slippery Characters: Ethnic Impersonators and American Identities. [31], In January 2021, Navajo journalist Jacqueline Keeler began investigating the problem of settler self-indigenization in academia. Indigenous impersonation is not an accident. [38] In response, Bourassa admitted that she does not have status in the communities that she claimed but insisted that she does have some Indigenous ancestors and that she has hired other genealogists to search for them. Peaceful sleep and the joke of roads to laugh at in the morning i wish for you. Any findings should only be released publicly after they have been determined. The conversation apparently took place during organizing action against Native mascots in sports. The idea here was that I watch from my apartment in Toledo and wait for the night sky to tell me to travel to defen Indian land from the Alberta pipelines. Individuals who made careers out of pretending an Indigenous identity include James Beckwourth,[14] Chief Buffalo Child Long Lance,[15] and Grey Owl. This also applies to Cherokee persons. tx tribe), Jake Jeffcoat (Pee Dee and Creek descendant), Mike Padgett (Muscogee Nation of Florida), Kristina Gill (University of Oregon Museum of Natural and Cultural History), Paul Spickard (University of California, Santa Barbara), Christine MacInnes O'Donnell (Celtic person of the Earth First Nations Supporter Advocate), Devon Murphy, MA/MSIS, living on Shawnee land, Joseph Anthony Carlson (Charm City Books), Rodolfo Rosales (La Esperanza Peace & Justice Center and League of United Latin American Citizens), Bryce Stokes (Organization for Indigenous Autonomy), Matthew Foster (New England Independence Campaign), April M Hamm (Jim-Ree African American Museum), Brooke Lehman (The Watershed Center) Lazlo, Dr. Kimberly Wieser (The University of Oklahoma) Luca, Kia Hahta Nashoba (Indigenous Peoples United) Mackenzie Dawson, Tribal chair/Historian Marilyn Dreamwalker Mejorado Jessica Grasl, Last Real Indians 2020The New Indigenous Millennium, Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, Montana, Last Real Indians, voter rights, Native American Rights Fund, ACLU, voting, racism, google. A controversial piece in the San Francisco Chronicle features interviews with the actress sisters, who say she wasnt part of a Native American tribe. Yes, people lying about their ancestry to gain some personal advantage is wrong, It is not that the type of effort that Keeler is undertaking is bad. You all are every daily standing on the core. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Let me explain WHY I have an issue with this articles statement. Written by author Jacqueline Keeler, whose running "Alleged Pretendians" list documents cases of Native American ethnic fraud, the article cites two of Littlefeather's sisters who say that their sibling lied about her heritage. You might be a pretendian if you've legally changed your name from "Weissvogel" to "White Eagle Soaring." You might be a pretendian if you burn to a crisp in ten minutes of strong moonlight. Yet, in March-June 1975, up popped up a fraudulent organization claiming to be Abenakis themselves, soliciting membership outside themselves and their families, and all of them, were French-Canadians with a 200-300 yr. There are many angles to the story, and this one, while not the most crucial, piqued our interest due to the New York Post/Fox News connection and Fox News previous manipulation of photos. For example, as communication. As a practice, being a pretendian is considered an extreme form of cultural appropriation,[8] especially if that individual then asserts that they can represent, and speak for, communities they do not belong to. 100% Genuine Mtis writer and pretend lawyer. Keeler, who has been accused of conducting "witch hunts" to expose fake Native Americans, told The Post she met Wurth a few years ago when the novelist publicly accused Native American writer . There is a pattern that "pretendians" follow: They exploit peoples lack of knowledge about who American Indian people are by perpetuating ambiguity in a number of ways. Another sister, Rosalind Cruz, took to Twitter to call Littlefeather mentally ill and claiming neither she nor her sister are Native. At the same time, we were defining the long-established Karendian and Kendian terms not supporting misogyny and, again, we. Embattled now by the Miamis who share the reserve land in OK. One thing less important than the main part here was that tribes might lose the power in law to distinguish themselves in kindness in continuing to bring kindred into the circle. What more do you need? Writer Jacqueline Keeler, who rose in infamy herself after publishing a list of people she claimed where Pretendians in 2021, claims Littlefeather wasnt Native, and is backed by some of the actress and activists estranged sisters. There was a rise in pretendians after the 1960s for a number of reasons, such as the reestablishment of tribal sovereignty following the era of Indian termination policy, the media coverage of the Occupation of Alcatraz and the Wounded Knee Occupation, and the formation of Native American studies as a distinct form of area studies which led to the establishment of publishing programs and university departments specifically for or about Native American culture. The issue of Pretendians made headlines last month when Canadas top indigenous health expert, Carrie Bourassa, was ousted after her claims of membership in the Mtis nation were debunked. Again, believe it or not. Copyright 2023 Pow Wows, Inc. All rights reserved, on Opinion: The Real Problem With Jacqueline Keelers Alleged Pretendian List, Unless a person shares their background and history, appearance isnt going to give anything away. to cover the Posts possible manipulation, letting readers know what those terms mean, she has allegedly tweeted the N-word and has allegedly supported doing blackface, has been caught doing this very thing in the past. United States Poet Laureate Joy Harjo (Mvskoke) writes: We have had to contend with an onslaught of what we call 'Pretendians', that is, non-Indigenous people assuming a Native identity. She called Keelers allegations a witch-hunt and provided proof of her ancestry, the New York Post reported in January. To protect the rights of Indigenous people, pretendians like Wages and Warren must be challenged and the retelling of their false narratives must be stopped. Jacqueline Keeler, a Native American writer and activist, created the list to expose the fakers. Keeler included places of employment, LinkedIn profiles and, in some cases, the names of their actual Native relatives or in-laws. This phenomenon took place following the "lndian Preference" regulations in new hiring practices at the Bureau of lndian Affairs in the early 1970s. ", "I Knew Rachel Dolezal Back When She Was Indigenous", The Native roots of the bizarre Rachel Dolezal drama, "Race of Rachel Dolezal, head of Spokane NAACP, comes under question", "Read the NAACP's Full Statement on Rachel Dolezal", "Dartmouth Removes New Native American Head Amid Ethnicity Questions: Tribes accused Susan Taffe Reed of misrepresenting herself as American Indian", "Dartmouth criticized for Native American Studies hire", "Four Words for Andrea Smith: 'I'm Not an Indian', "Tribes Blast 'Wannabe' Native American Professor", "Rachel Dolezal Outs Andrea Smith Again; Will Anybody Listen This Time? The Academy apologized to Littlefeather in a letter reported in April. At the same time, in the years following the Occupation of Alcatraz, the formation of Native American studies as a distinct form of area studies, and the awarding of the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction to Kiowa author N. Scott Momaday, publishing programs and university departments began to be established specifically for or about Native American culture. As a practice, being a pretendian is considered an extreme form of cultural . Why aren't either public to allow for observation and/or scrutiny without the need for data collection? By claiming indigeneity without the recognition of Native nations, pretendians undermine a core tenant of tribal sovereignty: the ability for tribes to determine citizenship. She then claims to be Indigenous and to be conducting "research" in order to escape being exposed. Im investigating actual ethnic fraud which harms Native people. To people like Bourassa, we are indeed a costume, except one you get to wear all year long and benefit from professionally because it checks that box that was created to even-out the field that cannot ever be evened out just by a box. EXAMPLE: Vermont and New Hampshires alleged and reinvented Abenakis. Let us focus on unity and building bridges! Cruz also tweeted she learned her true heritage from Keelers research. This kind of impersonation can only be carried out by those with immense privilege. Keeler has a reputation for doing this kind of thing. [38] Research into her claims indicated that her ancestry is wholly European. We attempted to respond to Keeler with a calm, rational tweet, assuring her we werent attacking her; rather, we were investigating the Posts coverage. What these claims have in common is that they are entirely disconnected from any living Indigenous people. Under one name is a note attached, Unable to ascertain truth of claim due to adoption. Yet, the individual remains on the list as an alleged pretendian.. [36], On September 13, 2021, the CBC News reported on their ongoing investigation into a "mysterious letter", dated 1845 (but never seen before 2011[37]) that is now believed to be a forgery. The assumption of Indigenous identity, through the growth of the so-called Eastern Mtis movement, is clearly, at least in terms of its foundational leadership and organizational nature, antagonistic at a fundamental level towards Indigenous peoples and livelihoods.[45]. Get quality preowned and refurbished ophthalmic equipment Save thousands over new equipment when you can get the same quality and . Pretendians are a major problem yet Im disturbed that theres a list like this that feels arbitrary. May 14, 2021 / May 19, 2021 by Angelina Newsom | 12 Comments on Opinion: The Real Problem With Jacqueline Keelers Alleged Pretendian List. This is intentional violence. We've received your submission. The Real Problem With Jacqueline Keeler's 'Alleged Pretendian' List. [35], There are several possible explanations for why people adopt pretendian identities. "[4], In October 2021, the CBC published an investigation into the status of Canadian academic Carrie Bourassa, who works as an Indigenous health expert and has claimed Mtis, Anishinaabe and Tlingit status. Keeler followed her piece with a Substack article, asking the question: Did the Academy apologize to a fraud?, Its a lie, Trudy Orlandi, Littlefeathers sister, told Keeler. Keelers list is controversial within native communities as well. My moms full Navajo. It is profitable to BECOME an Indian nowadays, and a laminated membership card by dubious groups such as the St. Francis-Sokoki group up in Swanton, or a Nulhegan membership card suffices today as proof of Abenaki descent. of writer and activist Jacqueline Keeler in its coverage of the Pretendian/Karendian/Defendian Native identity and ethnic fraud controversy, Keeler shot the messenger in this case, yours truly. (20 years to "get the records straight). But we didnt listen. Keeler has also added a Pee Dee tribal member to her list. [43], Academics Kim TallBear (Sisseton Wahpeton Oyate), Dina Gilio-Whitaker (Colville), Robert Jago (Kwantlen First Nation), Rowland Robinson (Menominee), as well as journalist Jacqueline Keeler (Navajo Nation) and attorney Jean Teillet (great-grandniece of Louis Riel) also name white supremacy, in addition to ongoing settler colonialism, as core factors in the phenomenon. My grandparents didnt even speak English! Her enemies among whom we do not consider ourselves, but she might think otherwise based on what youll read below say she tends to serve up disordered logic on a number of topics. Hebrew-Israelite teen sues after alleged forced pizza feed 11-year-old reads aloud from 'pornographic' book he checked out from library at school board meeting, Chicago's top cop quits one day after woke mayor lost re-election bid, Influencer refuses to switch business class seats so family can sit together, RHOA star Drew Sidora accuses ex Ralph Pittman of cheating, mental abuse, Original Gone With The Wind script reveals secret war over slavery, cut scenes, Drake regrets disrupting someones life by name-dropping exes in his songs, Good luck 'worming' your way out of this one, Sunny Hostin Points Finger at China for COVID Crisis: Did Not Cooperate With the International Community, 'Disgraceful' Meghan, Harry 'provoked' King Charles to evict them: royal expert. We will release the names and findings of all those who are found to have no relation to the American Indian tribe they claim in the United States.. For a first-time violation of the Act, an individual can face civil or criminal penalties up to a $250,000 fine or a five-year prison term, or both. ", "Genetic Markers Not a Valid Test of Native Identity", "Elizabeth Warren's claim to Cherokee ancestry is a form of violence - Be it by the barrel of a carbine or a mail-order DNA test, the American spirit demands the disappearance of Indigenous people", "Can DNA Determine Who is American Native American? Keelers rationale is that these are public-facing people. Rachel Dolezal, Iron Eyes Cody, Grey Owl, and even the Bruchacs are not who they appear to be. Check out my Amazon gift list." Karendian Keeler. Yet, these lived experiences, bearing the epigenetic imprints of historical trauma, are distinct from experiences of Indigeneity. Unclear how he got enrolled. Keeler doesnt mention if she reached out to Northern Cheyenne tribal officials. Historian Philip J. Deloria has noted that European Americans "playing Indian" is a phenomenon that stretches back at least as far as the Boston Tea Party. DNA tests are setting up other problems involving those who discover Native DNA [sic] in their bloodline. [2] The IACA makes it illegal for non-Natives to offer or display for sale, or sell, any art or craft product in a manner that falsely suggests it is Indian produced, an Indian product, or the product of a particular Indian or Indian Tribe or Indian arts and crafts organization. . Recently, theres been a lot of publicity surrounding high-profile cases of individuals falsely claiming Indigenous American ancestry while working in entertainment and other industries. Hardly. They are fully fed , how can they be fed up enough to cut off communication? Read it. To receive new posts and support our work, consider becoming a free or paid subscriber. Now I've known about Marie Cruz (stage name Sacheen Littlefeather) and her false claims to Apache/Yaqui ancestry for a while now, thanks to Jacqueline Keeler's Pretendian list.But it's only in the last couple of days that it's become wider knowledge, thanks to an article Keeler penned for the San Francisco Chronicle.. nativerpt: " nativerpt: " Everyone wants to be Native until it's time to be Native. One would argue a public Google doc suffices . Only Navajo!. It goes into detail with each entry and us cotinually being updated. In an apparent response to these incidents, Navajo and Yankton Dakota writer Jacqueline Keeler recently created an alleged pretendian lista spreadsheet of people she thinks are pretending to be Indian. [32] This research resulted in the Alleged Pretendians List,[33] of about 200 public figures in academia and entertainment, which Keeler self-published as a Google spreadsheet in 2021. The list includes well-known imposters and claimants like Sen. Elizabeth Warren and Johnny Depp, but also less well-known figures in media and the arts. If a business violates the Act, it can face civil penalties or can be prosecuted and fined up to $1,000,000.[20]. Screenshots and links. A list of pretendians. they have been determined. Lawrence is on the list. Fair warning, I know Jackie Keeler and she stood with us at a protest at the BIA. In particular, the great-grandmother she claimed was Tlingit, Johanna Salaba, is well-documented as having emigrated from Russia in 1911; she was a Czech-speaking Russian. of people it has wanted to portray unflatteringly in the past, so this certainly could have been the case here. They indignantly assert that no one has the right to question her self-identity. Be it said the four winds drew me near my last acceptance at a university before i gave up was to LSSU. [32] Working with other Natives in tribal enrollment departments, genealogists and historians, they began following up on the names many had been hearing for years in tribal circles were not actually Native, asking about current community connections as well as researching family histories "as far back as the 1600s" to see if they had any ancestors who were Native or had ever lived in a tribal community. I know. This topic is complex and deeply personal and quite frankly it is nobody's fucking business, least of all any Non-Native/White person's. It is invasive, inappropriate, unethical, and a violation of one's personal and private life especially if you are outside of the community. I could very easily say Keeler has no connection to the Navajo Nation, not sure how she got enrolled, and publish her name on a list. Great comment, Bryce. Since the 1990s and 2000s, a number of controversies regarding ethnic fraud have come to light and received coverage in mainstream media, leading to a broader awareness of pretendians in the world at large. 'Native American' novelist praised by GMA, NYT accused of being a 'Pretendian' By Isabel Vincent [] Harm is caused when resources and even jobs go to fakes instead of the people they were intended for. "Well where's the proof" Here. Arer you saying your uncle wouldnt have married her if she werent a Fauxcahontas? Pretendianism is particularly prevalent in entertainment, publishing and academia. The group in Swanton submitted their initial petition for federal recognition in 1982 (after having their internally-trained -by John Moody- but biased genealogists who claimed to be Abenakis, members of the group, do the research and an Addendum was added in 1986. Stephanie Fryberg is a Tulalip psychologist who received her Master's and Doctorate degrees from Stanford University, where in 2011 she was inducted into the Multicultural Hall of Fame.In the same year, she testified before Senate on Stolen Identities: The impact of racist stereotypes on Indigenous people.She previously taught psychology at the University of Arizona, at the Tulalip Community . As a cultural and political identity . Stolen identities undermine us to the point where we end up fodder for the tabloids the likes of Daily Mail. Early life. , Keeler went a different routeone that we had been told in advance she might. Despite wide circulation on social media, Keeler has yet to address the screenshot. Laura Browder, " 'One Hundred Percent American': How a Slave, a Janitor, and a Former Klansmen Escaped Racial Categories by Becoming Indians", in Beyond the Binary: Reconstructing Cultural Identity in a Multicultural Context, ed. If we soon turn up on Keelers list, dont be surprised. But geez, this photo. Interlude: Community, Pretendians, & Heartbreak", "Push to remove 'pretendians' from Algonquin membership rekindled after CBC investigation Analysis revealed letter linked to 1,000 Indigenous ancestry claims is likely fake", "The violence of pretending to be Indigenous - The recent call for organizing a Canada-wide dialogue about Indigenous identity by the First Nations University of Canada (FNUniv) is a solid step toward recognizing this as an ongoing problem. The op-ed was a letter of advice to Deb Haaland, a Native American who had just been nominated to serve as President Bidens Interior Secretary. And then I stopped pretending, beginning to research a thousand and one fellow race shifters social, historical, and genealogical backgrounds who claim today, to be thee Vermont or New Hampshires Abenakis who have Vermont State recognition, and have their laminated membership cards at the ready. This is a contentious document that questions peoples identity by insinuating ethnic fraud is being carried out. Among famous names like Johnny Depp and, Theres not a clear process on how this research is being conducted or how individuals are singled out for suspicion. While faking Indigenous American identity for positions of prestige is a problem, sovereign tribes and nations should be leading investigations into citizenship claims. The past and present shows their complicity with the race shifters who claim to be Abenakis and thus the silence, and lack of objective investigation. Shortly thereafter her sisters spoke to Navajo reporter Jacqueline Keeler and said that their family has no ties to the Apache or Yaqui tribes Sacheen had claimed. In response to an Indigenous Wire item yesterday about the way the New York Post treated a picture of writer and activist Jacqueline Keeler in its coverage of the Pretendian/Karendian/Defendian Native identity and ethnic fraud controversy, Keeler shot the messenger in this case, yours truly. Ashley Fairbanks, an Anishinaabe writer and digital strategist took to Twitter to say I hate that Native people have to spend a single breath talking about Jacqueline Keeler.. As with the Abenakis of Vermont and New Hampshire, the Penobscots, Maliseets, Mikmaqs, nor the Passamaquoddies, let alone the Federally Recognized tribal communities, in the past or present, have ever questioned or even really validated objectively, that these people in Vermont and New Hampshire actually descend from the Abenakis. Its a perverse kind of reverse assimilation.[47]. in service of a greater discourse of this topic. It has meant, more than anything, a feeling of utter powerlessness within the structures of strong mainstream institutions. There's a post about . Everyone on this list has made public claims through interviews, in books authored, documentaries, and even in Congressional testimony. "Don't ask me about Cherokee Freedmen" You might be a pretendian if your star quilt was bought at Target or has Chewbacca on it. Imposters in the academy gain six-figure jobs, prestige, grants and tenure in exchange for a few lies. jacqueline keeler is a known racist and xenophobe (just google "Opinion: The Real Problem With Jacqueline Keeler's 'Alleged Pretendian' List" there's an article that links an entire google doc of the racist shit she's done over the years and . [40] As Littlefeather had been a beloved activist, these reports were met with controversy, challenges, and attacks on Keeler, largely on social media. ", scooped Indigenous children from their families, 1867 federal treaty with the Chippewa of the Mississippi, List of unrecognized tribes in the United States, Native Americans in German popular culture, Category:American people who self-identify as being of Native American descent, "Doubts Over Indigenous Identity in Academia Spark 'Pretendian' Claims - Some Canadian universities now require additional proof to back up Indigenous heritage, replacing self-declaration policies", "4. As for Jacqueline Keeler, I haven't interacted with her in real life as you have, but in this case she reacted the way a number of people over many years have said she has to other situations in the past. Lawrence was unable to provide evidence of Native ancestry; she is not an enrolled member of any federally or state-recognized tribe, an editors note above the Times piece now reads. Hence, she believes that some on the list are hiding behind the Black Lives Matter movement by strategically labeling her list racist and pointing to times, We attempted to respond to Keeler with a calm, rational tweet, assuring her we werent attacking her; rather, we were investigating the Posts coverage. The term is a pejorative colloquialism, and if used without evidence could be considered defamatory.As a practice, being a pretendian is considered an extreme . Tinsel Korey Since 2009, there have been numerous reports about Tinsel being another pretendian. The "Alleged Pretendians List" is the creation of Jacqueline Keeler, a Native American writer and activist who has spent years busting fakers in politics and academia. So called Indianness is good enough for every purpose. Theres not a clear process on how this research is being conducted or how individuals are singled out for suspicion. It was a list that was to be researched by. My dad is 5/8ths Yankton Dakota, but they had to choose a tribe, she told critics in March. Several people on the list have also denied Keelers claims of fraud. Does this make it true? I take issue with While faking Indigenous American identity for positions of prestige is a problem, sovereign tribes and nations should be leading investigations into citizenship claims. [22][23][24] Attempts by non-Natives to racialize Indigenous identity by DNA tests have been seen by Indigenous people as insensitive at best, often racist, politically and financially motivated, and dangerous to the survival of Indigenous cultures. [4] The CBC investigation used handwriting analysis, and other methods of archival and historical evaluation to conclude the letter is a fake. Among famous names like Johnny Depp and . Linda turned my family against me. And how can you use a term that is misogynistic and equates verification of stated claims by people who monetize their claims to Native identity to threatening the lives of Black Americans? she further asked on Twitter. It is also another colonial act. [34] She says the list is the product of decades of Native peoples' efforts at accountability. Any findings should only be released publicly after they have been determined. A CBC investigation that cast doubt on the authenticity of a letter which has enabled more than 1,000 people to claim Indigenous ancestry is reinvigorating efforts to remove so-called. The divisiveness serves to disconnect more indigenous people's voices, because we're so focused on banishing the fakes that we overlook the issues of poverty, trauma and abuse that are as real as you and me. The crux of the article is as follows: Cruz' sisters deny that . Keeler says she and other researchers capped the list at 200 to help make the investigative caseload manageable, but that the true number of alleged fraudsters is closer to 500. The issue is that she seems to have gone about it in a bad way, that actually hurts the overall effort. No, because the method is flawed. Jacqueline Keeler. Then questions arose about her identity", "Sacheen Littlefeather and ethnic fraud why the truth is crucial, even if it means losing an American Indian hero", "Playing Indian Constitutes a Structural Form of Colonial Theft, and It Must be Tackled", "Mysterious letter linking 1,000 people to $1B Algonquin treaty likely fake, CBC investigation finds Author of conspiracy theory books says letter was dropped in his mailbox in 2011", "Health scientist Carrie Bourassa on immediate leave after scrutiny of her claim she's Indigenous", "Sacheen Littlefeather was a Native American icon. 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Claim due to adoption ; t either public to allow for observation and/or scrutiny without the need for collection! Being conducted or how individuals are singled out for suspicion deny that 2009 there. Or paid subscriber cotinually being updated discover Native dna [ sic ] in their bloodline these claims in... Owl, and even the Bruchacs are not who they appear to be &... Publicly after they have been determined be leading investigations into citizenship claims Cruz, took Twitter. At a university before I gave up was to be conducting & quot ; Keeler... Being a pretendian is considered an extreme form of cultural and to be &! In Congressional testimony one name is a problem, sovereign tribes and nations should be leading investigations into citizenship.! The likes of daily Mail up fodder for the next time I comment [ ]. Involving those who discover Native dna [ sic ] in their bloodline &! 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