1. THE COMMISSION CONCLUDED THAT ORGANIZED CRIME THRIVES THROUGHOUT PENNSYLVANIA AS A CONGLOMERATE ARRANGEMENT OF POWERFUL LA COSA NOSTRA FAMILIES AND LOCAL CRIME CZARS. The DeCavalcante transcripts provide a number of revealing examples. Because competitors are either eliminated or absorbed into merged enterprises, few businessmen are left to protest monopolistic tactics. Second were the major wholesalers, and third the high-level distributors. A continuing investigation by the Pennsylvania Crime Commission, assisted by the Pennsylvania State Police, substantiates that there are five La Cosa Nostra families operating in Pennsylvania and that they have a total of 142 members. A subsequent meeting was held at which Wade agreed to destroy selected gambling records. 88 U.S. vs. LaGorga (Pittsburgh: Office of the U.S. Commissioner, Western District of Pennsylvania) ; Commissioner's Transcript No. 63-192. [202], In 1958 Cosa Nostra member Antonio Caponigro was called before a federal grand jury then probing the huge illicit liquor still uncovered in Reading. Following is the text of selected portions (we have omitted the "Strategies Against Organized Crime" section) of the Pennsylvania Crime Commission's 1970 Report on Organized Crime. BUCHAREST, Romania (AP) Andrew Tate, the divisive social media influencer and former professional kickboxer who is detained in Romania on suspicion of organized crime and human trafficking . Often the banker will scatter his offices in different locations throughout the city in order to avoid detection, and numbers writers or runners phone in their bets to the bank so that they can then destroy all gambling records. [77] Subsequently DeVito was arrested by FBI agents in 1967 for failing to pay his fine, and Narducci was sentenced to a year in prison for violating his parole after he was arrested in Las Vegas for failure to register as a criminal. However, since that time the narcotics traffic in Philadelphia has markedly increased. Later Abe Minker, John Wittig, and Alex and Louis Fudeman were indicted and eharged with blackmail. Interim Report the Committee concluded that prominent Philadelphia racketeers were involved in Local 107: By the use of subterfuge, intimidation, threats, and physical violence the control of Pennsylvania's largest Teamster union went into the hands of a group of greedy and unscrupulous officers headed by Raymond Cohen. Some are employed directly in operations such as crap games or loan sharking, Others ("money movers") assist the cash flow from these operations through hidden conduits either to other criminal enterprises or to legitimate business "fronts." Captain McElroy discussed the drive the State Police were conducting against illegal treasury balance tickets, which were then controlled by Lou Cohen of Scranton. Pittsburgh. Some has been assembled within the state. To ensure the smooth and continuous operation of their rackets, they finance political campaigns or bribe and corrupt political leaders and criminal justice personnel - either the policeman, prosecutor, court clerk, or judge, depending on the type of protection desired and also on who is the weakest link of the criminal justice chain. 112-113. Occasionally intimidation and force are used to prevent the consumer from becoming a witness for the prosecution. (Scranton: U.S. District Court, Middle District of Pennsylvania), Criminal No. Following Sciandra as boss was Joseph Mario Barbara, Sr., a convicted bootlegger and suspected murderer from the Scranton area. A modern system would prevent loss of good data, reduce wasteful duplication of effort, and facilitate the sharing of information. Frank Amato, Sr., of Braddock was appointed as the referee, and the dispute was settled. THE APPENDIX CONTAINS A LIST OF MAJOR GAMBLING CASES INITIATED BY THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE POLICE IN 1969 ACCORDING TO THE COUNTY, THE DEFENDANT, THE DATE OF ARREST, AND THE DISPOSITION. The following examples show the ability of these businesses to find profitable outlets for their products: 1. 4. Stromberg was sentenced to a maximum five-year term. 233 Commutation of the sentence of Leo Kaminski in September 1055, (Pennsylvania Board of Pardons, Harrisburg, Pa.), File No. 3. Due to the nature of environmental crimes cases, many investigations are conducted utilizing the Pennsylvania Statewide Investigating Grand Juries in Harrisburg, Pittsburgh and Norristown. Lima came from a family connected to organized crime. In Philadelphia, boss Angelo Bruno was found to be involved in or associated with the following companies:[153]. Abe Zeid, 1965: Zeid was convicted of extortion on June 24, 1965. Such men have received local and national attention because of their activities in such cities as Reading, Pittsburgh, Scranton, Allentown, Pottsville, Easton, and Bethlehem. In contrast, communities with aggressive leaders who try to solve urban problems usually become aware of organized crime and seek appropriate solutions. 146 U.S. vs. Rubino (Scranton: US. 3. 15 Task Force Report: Organized Crime, p. 34. [59] Attorney General Nicholas Katzenbach reported that from 1961-1965, 158 racketeering cases were developed in Pittsburgh by the U.S. Department of Justice Organized Crime and Racketeering Section and the Internal Revenue Service. On the federal level, wagering and income tax evasion crimes were committed. In December of 1966 the company was declared insolvent. n. 51; also Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, April 3, 1968. 64-415. The FBI estimates merchants lose in excess of $30 billion each year due to this activity, the revenues of which have been linked to . n. 75; and "Top Citizens Go to Bat for Rackets Kingpin in Bid to Cut Term," Philadelphia Inquirer, March 19, 1967, sec. 175 Annual Report of the Attorney General of the United States for Fiscal Year, 1959, p. 227. In 1931, violent factional struggles occurred between members of the older, traditional Mafia and younger Sicilian-Americans who sought a more tolerant attitude toward non-Sicilian racketeers. In 1953, M. Maggio and Company was convicted in federal court for transporting uninspected meat interstate.[155]. On June 11, 1968, New York City police officers raided a New York restaurant and apprehended Philadelphia Cosa Nostra Boss Angelo Bruno, Brooklyn Boss Joseph Colombo, and New York City Boss Carlo Gambino. Edward and Francis Fina run one of the largest numbers banks in Philadelphia, estimated to gross over $12 million annually. In this way the franchise payment is made by patronizing a service and paying for it. 147 U.S. vs. Lagana, et al. present in the Easton Police Department, although limited to a small group" and that there existed "disturbing outside interference with the Easton Police Department. Illegal gambling operations are the most lucrative of organized criminal activities, and to protect them from costly disruption, gambling syndicates seck to undermine the machinery of criminal justice. Comprehensive legislation is needed to cover the granting of immunity in judicial, administrative, or legislative proceedings but limiting the scope to the use of the compelled testimony or anything derived from it. (Camden: U.S. District Court, District of New Jersey), Criminal Court No. In 1947 a meeting took place in the William Penn Hotel of Pittsburgh. 52: 1585 ff. Joseph Luciano, member, Erie regime of the Buffalo, New York, Cosa Nostra family. He testified that he paid $850 per month to Maloney's chief assistant, Captain Clarence Cooper, who later pleaded guilty to income tax evasion, and $300 per month to Maloney. 556, 557, 570, March, 1969 Term of Grand Jury; also, "Three Arrested in South Philadelphia Numbers Raid," Philadelphia Evening Bulletin, December 18, 1969. The wide-open era of murder and bombing has gradually given way to somewhat different methods. RESOURCE PERSONNEL: 21760. The Criminal Law Division is headed by an Executive Deputy Attorney General (EDAG), who is the Director and has overall responsibility for ensuring that the functions of the Division are properly administered. Frank S. Palermo, Sr., member, Southeastern Cosa Nostra family. Major Lehigh Valley racketeer John C. Parenti was convicted of income tax evasion in federal court in 1969. 33-34. They come to appreciate the political contacts of the syndicates, which can offer protection from law enforcement and regulatory agencies overseeing the operations of the business. Revelations by Cosa Nostra member Joseph Valachi (1963-1965). 3-5. The DeCavalcante transcripts contain a discussion by Ignazio Denaro, underboss of the Angelo Bruno family, concerning an individual who committed bombings. [171] Bruno and independent racketeer Sam "Cappy" Hoffman were found to be using union organizer Sam Barone az a "front" for gaining control of the union and its employees. - History of Criminal Syndicates in Pennsylvania, - Treasury Balance Tickets, Betting Pools, and Punchboards, - Gambling's Relationship with Other Crimes, - I. Infiltration and Control of Legitimate Businesses, - Crime Associated with Legitimate Businesses, - Labor-Management Collusion: "Sweetheart" Contracts, - Violence Against Consumers of Organized Crime Services, - Violence Against Law Enforcement Officers, - Nullification of Criminal Justice Agencies, THE COMMISSION: Russell Bufalino, Underboss 170 Fred J. Cook, "The Jackals at J.F.K," New York Times Magazine, April 12, 1970. The primary responsibility for enforcing the penal laws against the crime syndicates rests, as it always has, with local police agencies, with county district attomeys, and, where no adequate police force exists with the Pennsylvania State Police, The role of the State is to move these agencies toward the resolve and capability for carrying out this obligation. Another form of insurance fraud concerns the illegal diversion of assets of insurance companies. On a lesser scale these concerns have been traditional centers of neighborhood social life where most illegal numbers, treasury balance, punchboard, and sports betting has taken place. 2, p. 513. [5] He continually defaulted on payments, and DeCavalcante kept adding interest to the loan. 7 U.S., vs, Ucciferri, et al. The Pennsylvania Organized Crime Commission's 1980 report identified Bufalino as a silent partner in Medico Industries, the largest supplier of ammunition to the U.S. government. As a type of economic activity, forms of crime changed . In September of 1968 a store which Plopi had rented in McKeesport was firebombed. In such an atmosphere the honest police officer and public official become demoralized and sometimes take the option of accepting a small bribe. 69-459. It'll be the teamsters. 2-3. Corroborated by law enforcement authorities, the following statements ean be made about the loan shark racket in Philadelphia: If any individual seeks a large loan - one in the thousands of dollars - he must secure permission from one of the upper-level loan sharks. On November 14, 1957, a meeting took place in Apalachin, New York, that was to become the best known gathering of Cosa Nostra leaders in American history. Other such charges are brought to our attention by whistle blowers and, on a number of occasions, state officials or employees have stepped forward to report a bribery attempt. (Philadelphia: U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Pennsylvania), Criminal Nos. 130 Commonwealth vs. Riccobene (Philadelphia: Court of Quarter Sessions of Philadelphia County), Bill Nos. In 1932 Bazzano was lured to a Brooklyn testimonial dinner in his honor, After the elaborate affair the Cosa Nostra leaders in attendance set upon him, stabbing him to death with ice picks. Two other major bankruptcy frauds were uncovered in Philadelphia. The Commission has the power to authorize a family to induct new members or to refuse such authorization, The family of Angelo Bruno of Philadelphia was prevented from naming new members as was the family of Stefano Magaddino of Buffalo (who controls organized crime in the Erie, Pennsylvania, area). "[74] Other significant examples exist. Should such a number be selected as the winner, the loss absorbed by the individual banker would be enormous. [172] Gabriel Mannarino, a leader in the LaRocca family, was a close associate of Chicago labor rackelecr Joe Sonken[173] In 1989 LaRocca, Mannarino, and seven other Cosa Nostra leaders were indicted for their part in a labor rasketeering matter involving New York, Pittsburgh, and Detroit families. Barish had been convicted of murdering a syndicate rival during the 1930's, but his sentence had been commuted by gubernatorial order. 19754. The estimated tax frauds involving Esposito's three stills totaled over $4.5 million.[142]. Numbers gambling in Pittsburgh is on an equal footing with that in Philadelphia. The growth of the Internet has been astronomical, and regrettably, predators are using the Internet as their primary means of contacting and communicating with their young victims. 7: 168-81 (Hercafter referred to as the DeCavalcante transcripts). [231] Since the 1930's Riccobene had been convicted in four major narcotics cases, and he was listed as a major violator by the federal Bureau of Narcotics. These weapons were used to threaten borrowers into paying. His perforated body was found a few days later in a burlap sack. Violence against Law Enforcement Officers. In April, 1970, agents of the federal Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs (BNDD) arrested the Ecuadorian Consul in Philadelphia and seized from him over seven pounds of pure cocaine valued at more than $1 million. At the same time, Heller's Company was negotiating a contract for hauling rubbish in Delaware. Following a violent purge of older members in 1931, a fusion of Sicilian and other Italian racketeers was created which from that time to the present has been known as "La Cosa Nostra," or "Our Thing. DiGirolomo supervises DeCavalcante's interests in the Bucks County area, along with Vincenzo Gioe of New Jersey. The information concerning the conspiracy was not released to Pennsylvania authorities until long after the statute of limitations expired. Four close associates of the Joseph Colombo Cosa Nostra family were indicted in Cleveland in 1969, along with six other defendants, for transporting obscene motion pictures from Brooklyn to Pittsburgh, Cleveland, Detroit, and Rochester. 141 DeCavalcante transcripts, vol. ALSO EXAMINED ARE NEW TACTICS AND LEGISLATION NEEDED TO COMBAT ORGANIZED CRIME. 111-68; vol. The organizations investigated and prosecuted by the OCS are involved in the commission of various predicate criminal offenses which have included drug trafficking, gambling, loansharking, extortion, identity theft, insurance fraud, auto theft, money laundering, intimidation of witnesses and murder. Philadelphia and Pittsburgh have long been major centers for illegal traffic throughout the United States. The late Sam Mannarino, a high-ranking Cosa Nostra figure in the John LaRocca family, was convicted in 1963 of tax evasion stemming from the operation of Nu Ken Novelty Company. [101] In October 27, 1969, nine of the defendants pleaded guilty and received small fines and probated sentences. A decade of organized crime : 1980 report Responsibility Pennsylvania Crime Commission. He told the press that attempts had been made by New York racketeers to move into Beaver County and take over his business. In Pennsylvania there have been numerous examples of racket infiltration of labor unions and management associations. In addition to Guerrieri, Pittsburgh racket figures Robert Cooper and James Barone were indicted. Treasury Balance Tickets, Betting Pools, and Punchboards. (Philadelphia: US. 4: 108, 7: 168-181); Philadelphia (vol. He had a lengthy criminal record with fifteen arrests, three of them for murder. In 1956 Harry Riccobene was termed "the number one man in the drug racket in Philadelphia" by the Philadelphia police. (Pardon file #9170), 5. Often they are accustomed to operating in an atmosphere of high pressure and force, and racketeers feel that such methods are necessary to achieve their cooperation. 100-UL Pittsburgh PA 15222-2511 Internet Crime Complaint Center IC3's mission is to serve as a vehicle to receive, develop, and refer criminal complaints regarding the rapidly expanding arena of cyber crime. Lengthy and complex planning must be conducted for the acquisition of the safe and proper site, the hiring of competent personnel (those with long criminal records), and the avoidance of detection and arrest. In addition to netting Cosa Nostra Boss Angelo Bruno and his Chief Lieutenant Phillip Testa, they apprehended Robert Dick, manager of a gambling casino in London, and two lieutenants of New England Cosa Nostra Boss Raymond Patriarca. [181], Subsequently both state and federal grand juries began probing 107's affairs. 155 U.S. vs. M. Maggio and Co. (Philadelphia: US. 196 DeCavalcante transcripts, vol. Public Corruption Section also conducts joint investigations with the FBI and other federal agencies. (a) Offense defined.--A person commits organized retail theft if the person organizes, coordinates, controls, supervises, finances or manages any of the activities of an organized . These men thereafter completely stifled the democratic processes of the union by terror and brute force and proceeded to drain the union treasury of large amounts of cash under the guise of legal expenditures. His criminal records were mysteriously missing from police departments in Lansdowne, Yeadon, Upper Darby, and Millbourne, and from the Bureau of Criminal Identification of Delaware County. [144] The case was turned over to Luzerne County officials, and five defendants were convicted. William Medico. Legislation to establish a more professional district attorney system should also provide for the State to assume financial support of district attorneys. They done the same thing in Pittsburgh. From the Kefauver Crime Committee investigation of 1950-51 to the recent indictments of major Pennsylvania organized criminals, there lies a grim documented history of the sustained exploitation and subversion of government, business, labor, and private citizenry by the crime syndicates. The vast majority of cases investigated by the Criminal Prosecutions Section falls into three categories and under three provisions of the Commonwealth Attorneys Act. [*D'Agata subsequently pleaded guilty to this charge in federal court.] Whether through bribery, political influence, or subtle manipulation of its processes, the criminal justice system has operated more to the advantage of the racketeer than for justice and the safety of society. In 1967, IRS agents raided the Monroeville-based bookmaking operation of John LaGorga. The argument is, "If you don't take it someone else will, and I'll get off anyhow. In 1967 a member of a dissident faction, Robert DeGeorge, was murdered outside a union meeting hall. 24 Organized Crime and Illicit Traffic in Narcotics, U.S. Senate Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations of the Committee on Government Operations Hearings (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1963), Pt. 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